{"id":27031,"date":"2025-09-24T14:25:19","date_gmt":"2025-09-24T07:25:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/?p=27031"},"modified":"2025-09-24T14:25:42","modified_gmt":"2025-09-24T07:25:42","slug":"image-classification-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Image Classification l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\"><div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/p><span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#1_Image_Classification_la_gi\" >1. Image Classification l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#2_Cong_nghe_Image_Classification_hoat_dong_nhu_the_nao\" >2. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Image Classification ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#21_Tien_xu_ly_hinh_anh\" >2.1 Ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#22_Trich_xuat_dac_trung\" >2.2 Tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#23_Phan_loai_hinh_anh\" >2.3 Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#3_04_ky_thuat_phan_loai_hinh_anh_hien_nay\" >3. 04 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n nay<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#31_Thuat_toan_hoc_may_truyen_thong_Machine_Learning\" >3.1 Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (Machine Learning)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#32_Hoc_sau_Deep_Learning\" >3.2 H\u1ecdc s\u00e2u (Deep Learning)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#33_Vision_Transformers_ViT\" >3.3 Vision Transformers (ViT)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#34_Hoc_chuyen_giao_Transfer_Learning\" >3.4 H\u1ecdc chuy\u1ec3n giao (Transfer Learning)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#35_Phan_loai_khong_giam_sat_Unsupervised_Classification\" >3.5 Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (Unsupervised Classification)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#4_Ung_dung_cua_Image_Classification_trong_doi_song\" >4. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Image Classification trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#41_Y_te_va_chan_doan_hinh_anh\" >4.1 Y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#42_Xe_tu_lai\" >4.2 Xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#43_Nong_nghiep\" >4.3 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#44_An_ninh_va_giam_sat\" >4.4 An ninh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#5_Cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_Image_Classification\" >5. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 Image Classification<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#51_Image_Classification_khac_gi_Object_Detection\" >5.1 Image Classification kh\u00e1c g\u00ec Object Detection?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#52_Image_Classification_co_can_du_lieu_lon_khong\" >5.2 Image Classification c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/image-classification-la-gi\/#53_Cac_mo_hinh_Image_Classification_noi_tieng_la_gi\" >5.3 C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Image Classification n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><p><strong>Trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean s\u1ed1, Image Classification l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 Image Classification l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/strong><\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><p><iframe style=\"position: relative; top: 0px; border: none;\" title=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\" src=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/demo\" width=\"100%\" height=\"320\"><\/iframe><\/p><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Image_Classification_la_gi\"><\/span>1. Image Classification l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa <a href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/ai\/machine-learning\/\">h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y<\/a> t\u00ednh v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/ai\/\">tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/a>, Image Classification l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt hay chi ti\u1ebft trong h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Computer Vision (<a href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/ai\/computer-vision\/\">Th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/a>), gi\u00fap m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u201cnh\u00ecn\u201d v\u00e0 \u201chi\u1ec3u\u201d d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c quan t\u1eeb th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c.<\/p><p>C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 \u201cd\u1ea1y\u201d m\u00e1y t\u00ednh h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh trong d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1ea3nh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 ch\u00f3, m\u00e8o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c xe c\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_27033\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27033\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27033 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Image-Classification-la-gi.webp\" alt=\"Image Classification m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.\" width=\"768\" height=\"431\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Image-Classification-la-gi.webp 768w, https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Image-Classification-la-gi-300x168.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27033\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image Classification m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Cong_nghe_Image_Classification_hoat_dong_nhu_the_nao\"><\/span>2. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Image Classification ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch Image Classification ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh dung quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u00f4 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i cho ch\u00fang.<\/p><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21_Tien_xu_ly_hinh_anh\"><\/span>2.1 Ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a: lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec5u, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng, thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c c\u1eaft gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt, c\u00f2n th\u00f4ng tin th\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, gi\u00fap m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/p><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22_Trich_xuat_dac_trung\"><\/span>2.2 Tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ec1n x\u1eed l\u00fd, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 &#8220;d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n&#8221; m\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng n\u01a1-ron s\u00e2u (Deep Neural Networks).<\/p><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"23_Phan_loai_hinh_anh\"><\/span>2.3 Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: SVM, Random Forest ho\u1eb7c Deep Neural Networks). M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u1eebng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho \u1ea3nh m\u1edbi.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_27035\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27035\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27035 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Image-Classification-phan-loai-hinh-anh.webp\" alt=\"M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong \u1ea3nh m\u1edbi.\" width=\"768\" height=\"411\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Image-Classification-phan-loai-hinh-anh.webp 768w, https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Image-Classification-phan-loai-hinh-anh-300x161.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27035\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong \u1ea3nh m\u1edbi.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_04_ky_thuat_phan_loai_hinh_anh_hien_nay\"><\/span>3. 04 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n nay<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh <a href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/ai\/deep-learning\/\">h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u<\/a> ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u.<\/p><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"31_Thuat_toan_hoc_may_truyen_thong_Machine_Learning\"><\/span>3.1 Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (Machine Learning)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u ra \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Decision Trees, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest, Logistic Regression, Naive Bayes \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/p><p>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea1nh, g\u00f3c, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng SIFT\/HOG. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_27036\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27036\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27036 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/thuat-toan-hoc-may-truyen-thong.webp\" alt=\"Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/thuat-toan-hoc-may-truyen-thong.webp 768w, https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/thuat-toan-hoc-may-truyen-thong-300x169.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27036\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"32_Hoc_sau_Deep_Learning\"><\/span>3.2 H\u1ecdc s\u00e2u (Deep Learning)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh. Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng, <a href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chia-se\/cnn-la-gi\/\">CNN<\/a> t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1ea3nh th\u00f4. C\u00e1c l\u1edbp t\u00edch ch\u1eadp cho ph\u00e9p m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (c\u1ea1nh, g\u00f3c, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc) \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p (h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt th\u1ec3).<\/p><p>Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n (c\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng) \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p (khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t, v\u1eadt th\u1ec3).<\/p><p>Nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh CNN ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u:<\/p><ul><li>AlexNet: m\u1edf ra k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean deep learning trong th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh (2012).<\/li><li>VGGNet: n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng s\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/li><li>ResNet: gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u201cskip connection\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n m\u1ea1ng r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u.<\/li><li>Inception: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u kernel v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp.<\/li><li>EfficientNet, DenseNet, MobileNet, NASNet, Xception: t\u1eadp trung t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li><\/ul><p>Ng\u00e0y nay, CNN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_27037\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27037\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27037 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/hoc-sau-deep-learning.webp\" alt=\"CNN t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng t\u1eeb \u1ea3nh th\u00f4, t\u1eeb c\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ebfn khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t hay v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng chu\u1ea9n trong ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.\" width=\"768\" height=\"383\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/hoc-sau-deep-learning.webp 768w, https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/hoc-sau-deep-learning-300x150.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27037\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">CNN t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng t\u1eeb \u1ea3nh th\u00f4, t\u1eeb c\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ebfn khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t hay v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng chu\u1ea9n trong ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"33_Vision_Transformers_ViT\"><\/span>3.3 Vision Transformers (ViT)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Ra \u0111\u1eddi sau CNN, Vision Transformers (ViT) t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac Transformer v\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong <a href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/ai\/xu-ly-ngon-ngu-tu-nhien-nlp\/\">x\u1eed l\u00fd ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/a>. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ViT l\u00e0 chia \u1ea3nh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c patch nh\u1ecf, bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed7i patch th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u201ctoken\u201d, r\u1ed3i x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf attention c\u1ee7a Transformer.<\/p><p>Hi\u1ec7n nay, nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh hybrid k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p CNN v\u00e0 ViT, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a CNN v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ecdc quan h\u1ec7 to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a ViT.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_27039\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27039\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27039 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Vision-Transformer-Architecture.webp\" alt=\"ViT m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb Transformer, x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ea3nh theo t\u1eebng patch v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi CNN trong ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.\" width=\"768\" height=\"384\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Vision-Transformer-Architecture.webp 768w, https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Vision-Transformer-Architecture-300x150.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27039\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">ViT m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb Transformer, x\u1eed l\u00fd \u1ea3nh theo t\u1eebng patch v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi CNN trong ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"34_Hoc_chuyen_giao_Transfer_Learning\"><\/span>3.4 H\u1ecdc chuy\u1ec3n giao (Transfer Learning)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Transfer Learning l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 <a href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/ai\/cong-nghe-nen-tang-cua-ai\/\">d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn<\/a> nh\u01b0 ImageNet, sau \u0111\u00f3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh (fine-tune) \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<br \/>H\u1ecdc chuy\u1ec3n giao hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_27040\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27040\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27040 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/hoc-chuyen-giao.webp\" alt=\"Transfer Learning t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, sau \u0111\u00f3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh cho b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.\" width=\"768\" height=\"524\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/hoc-chuyen-giao.webp 768w, https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/hoc-chuyen-giao-300x205.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27040\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Transfer Learning t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, sau \u0111\u00f3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh cho b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"35_Phan_loai_khong_giam_sat_Unsupervised_Classification\"><\/span>3.5 Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (Unsupervised Classification)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n, vi\u1ec7c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 thi. Khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n c\u1ee5m nh\u01b0 K-means hay Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM).<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_27041\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27041\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27041 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/phan-loai-khong-giam-sat-Unsupervised-Classification.webp\" alt=\"H\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n c\u1ee5m nh\u01b0 K-means hay GMM khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n.\" width=\"768\" height=\"544\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/phan-loai-khong-giam-sat-Unsupervised-Classification.webp 768w, https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/phan-loai-khong-giam-sat-Unsupervised-Classification-300x213.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27041\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">H\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n c\u1ee5m nh\u01b0 K-means hay GMM khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Ung_dung_cua_Image_Classification_trong_doi_song\"><\/span>4. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Image Classification trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><p>Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, b\u1edfi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/chuyen-van-ban-thanh-giong-noi\/linh-vuc\/y-te\/\">y t\u1ebf<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/nvidia\/nvidia-drive\/\">xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i<\/a>, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, an ninh, b\u00e1n l\u1ebb v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u.<\/p><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"41_Y_te_va_chan_doan_hinh_anh\"><\/span>4.1 Y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh s\u1edbm v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nh\u01b0 X-quang, CT scan, MRI \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh.<\/p><p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong da li\u1ec5u, b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 da nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0 h\u1eafc t\u1ed1 (melanoma). B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng da trong d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean European Journal of Cancer cho th\u1ea5y, m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean \u1ea3nh da th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ung th\u01b0 da t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 157 b\u00e1c s\u0129 da li\u1ec5u.<\/p><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"42_Xe_tu_lai\"><\/span>4.2 Xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Ng\u00e0nh xe t\u1ef1 l\u00e1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng camera v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean xe ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1edd c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, xe c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c, bi\u1ec3n b\u00e1o hay v\u1eadt c\u1ea3n.<\/p><p>Tesla l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ti\u00ean phong v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (Autopilot), nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 Tesla, nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e3ng xe kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 GM, Audi, BMW hay Ford c\u0169ng \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ee7i ro nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec xe ph\u1ea3i x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n.<\/p><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"43_Nong_nghiep\"><\/span>4.3 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh, theo d\u00f5i s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u201cgi\u00e1c quan th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u\u201d gi\u00fap n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e2y, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau, b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n hay ph\u00f2ng tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh.<\/p><p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, startup FarmSense t\u1ea1i California \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 video \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng chung khi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i (AgriTech) \u0111ang d\u1ea7n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c.<\/p><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"44_An_ninh_va_giam_sat\"><\/span>4.4 An ninh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Trong an ninh, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ea1i video \u0111\u00e3 ghi, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd.<\/p><p>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t. Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 so kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m b\u1ecb truy n\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t t\u00edch. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c cho c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<br \/>Ngo\u00e0i ra, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong kh\u00e2u ki\u1ec3m tra an ninh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u0169 kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5 trong h\u00e0nh l\u00fd \u1edf s\u00e2n bay. Nh\u1edd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t an ninh.<\/p><figure id=\"attachment_27042\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-27042\" style=\"width: 768px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-27042 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/an-ninh-va-giam-sat.webp\" alt=\"Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 an ninh qua nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t hay s\u00e2n bay.\" width=\"768\" height=\"443\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/an-ninh-va-giam-sat.webp 768w, https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/an-ninh-va-giam-sat-300x173.webp 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-27042\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 an ninh qua nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t hay s\u00e2n bay.<\/figcaption><\/figure><h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Cac_cau_hoi_thuong_gap_ve_Image_Classification\"><\/span>5. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 Image Classification<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"51_Image_Classification_khac_gi_Object_Detection\"><\/span>5.1 Image Classification kh\u00e1c g\u00ec Object Detection?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>Image Classification ch\u1ec9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea3nh thu\u1ed9c l\u1edbp n\u00e0o, c\u00f2n Object Detection v\u1eeba ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1eeba x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong \u1ea3nh.<\/p><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"52_Image_Classification_co_can_du_lieu_lon_khong\"><\/span>5.2 Image Classification c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>V\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ecf. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi deep learning ho\u1eb7c ViT, c\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng.<\/p><h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"53_Cac_mo_hinh_Image_Classification_noi_tieng_la_gi\"><\/span>5.3 C\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Image Classification n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3><p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: AlexNet, VGGNet, ResNet, Inception, EfficientNet, MobileNet, Vision Transformers.<\/p><p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, Image Classification kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean s\u1ed1, Image Classification l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 Image Classification l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":27044,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[133],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27031","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chia-se"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27031","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27031"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27031\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27043,"href":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27031\/revisions\/27043"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27044"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27031"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27031"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vbee.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27031"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}